This course discusses mathematical concepts taught in elementary school mathematics and mathematics in elementary school teacher education which are studied in an axiomatic deductive manner. Study materials in this course include: The Nature of Mathematics and School Mathematics, Problem Solving, Whole Numbers, Fractions, Algebra and Social Arithmetic, Linear Equations and Inequalities in One Variable, Number Patterns, Scales and Comparisons, Sets, Lines and Angles, Measurement and Geometry (Plane and Figure Figures), Functions and Equations of Straight Lines, Systems of Linear Equations in two Variables, Pythagorean Theorem, Quadratic Functions, Circles and Tangents to Circles, Statistics and Probability. The lecture approach is carried out using practical analytical case studies related to the main material through analysis of relevant recent journals. Lecture methods are dominated by discussions, simulations and presentations.