This course deepens understanding of the general philosophy of science approach, conceptualization, and scientific methodology, as well as deeper and broader issues involving science, technology, and society. In addition, this course is designed to provide an in-depth understanding of ontology, epistemology, and axiology of science, the characteristics and nature of science as a vehicle for broadening the vision of doctoral candidates so that they can trigger reflective and critical thinking skills in developing and implementing science and science education. and its relation to technology and society.